gardner



July 2s, 1925.

c. w. GARDNER FUEL AND AIR CONTROL FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES L Filed-April'lv, 1,922 e sheets-sheet .2

atkins/qd.

July 28,1925. l Y 1,547,579

C. W. GARDNER FUEL AND AIR CONTROL FOR INTRNALCOMBUSTION `ENG-INES Filed Apr-i1 17, 1922 e sheets-sheet c abro: c1116.

K July 28,v 1925. I

1,547,579 C. W. GARDNER FUEL AND AIR CNTROL FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed April 1'7, 1922 6 sheets-sheet 4 July 2s, 1925.

' C. W; GARDNER FUEL AND AIR CONTROL FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION NGINES 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 J f J J o0 f M O \\\\\v|||/ -l --1 //Qmiwfl G IIII a Wm a@ 1 www l ,WU A w July 28, 1925-. 4 c. w. GARDNER FUEL AND AI CONTROL FOR IINTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES i Filed April 17, 1922 @sheets-sheet G parl-clinici! '11111 131g; 1 gigli bustion Engines, of which the following 1s a specifi-cation.

This invention relates to a fuelpand air control for internal combustion engines, one v of its objects being' to provide anefl'ective and eiiicient means 'for feedingfuelI to the engine cylinder or cylinders, said means being'under either or both governor and hand control.

A` further object is to provide a feed' or ej ecting pump for the fuel which is shiftable I bodily relative toits actuating means, thereby to control accurately the flow bf fuelto thecylinder or cylinders of the engine. f Another object is to provide ,a feeding means which so regulates the' How of fuel as to prevent discharge of-eXcess fuel into the engine.

r Another object is to provide manually op' erate'd means for controlling thefeed, said means being shiftablewithout placing the controlling strains. l

Another object is to Yprovide a feeding governor under undesirable -means'l .which can be instantly ydisengaged from its actuating means Without produ'clng heavy d etonations, when it is desired to stop the engine,

lwith the engine as during the/ operation of stopping and reversingv the'engine;` f

A further object is tocombine With the fuel feeding means a means under the -con' trol of a governor or a hand operatedelement for regulating the flow of `air to the engine.

` y W ith the foregoing and' other objects in View which will appear-as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the combi-i nation and arrangement' of parts and in the" details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it beingunderstood that, with-l in the scope of' What isclaimed, ychanges in the precise embodiment 'of the' invention shown can be made Without departing from the spirit of the invention.

said feeding l,means beinhg also shiftable instantly into operative relation --.Wl-...M Wn'wu'smvn engine navingfle'pres# ent improvements combined therewith.

Figure 2 is an enlargedsection on the line 2 2, F igu'rel. l

Figure 3 is an enlarged section* online. '3-'3, Figure 1. L 1Figure 4: is an enlarged .section on line 4;-4, Figurel. 4 Figure 5 is an elevation showing a modified mounting ofthe pumpr casing of the feed mechanism.v i

isl

Figure 6 is a similar view showing another modified arrangement..` l

lFigure 7 isa View showing a further modification of the mounting of the pump casing.v A F igurie' 8 is a view partly in section and partly in elevation showing another form of fuel feed control` 'n Figure 9 is a view partly in section and partly in uelevation of a modification of the structure shown in Figure 8. Figure 10 is-anelevation of another form of feed control. 4

Figure 11is an end elevation thereof, ad-

jacentl parts being shown in section. Y Figure 12 is a View similar to F lgure 1 0 showing another form of feed control.

fication'of the feed control.

Referring to the figures by characters of,

referencel designates the cylinders of an 00 internal combustion engine, eacl vbeing 'provided-'With air ports 2 leading from the crankcase ofthe engine and with p orts' leading jto' the cylinder, all of these ports opening into a casing 4'throughwhich ex# tends a rgovernor lay vshaft/5. A dan'ipei` or valve 6 is secured to the shaft within 4each of the casing's Also that by rotating shaft- 5 the damper will be tilted to regulate the flow of airfromtheports2 to the ports 3.

IA governor of any Well known-.typehas been'indicated generally at 7, and a. yoke vFigure 13 is an elevation of another'modi- S'is pivotally mounted in the usual manner lat 9 and is operatively connected to the governor as lat 10, this yoke being 'provided with the usual dash-pot or other controlling means 11 for restricting the movement thereof. i

lhe shaft 5 has an armv 12 extendingv therefrom' and a link 13 is pivotally oonnected to this arm and slides within a guide nut .14 or the like carried by the yoke. Coiled springs bear against opposed faces of this' nut andare mounted on the link or rod 13, these springs being shown at 15.

i. Any suitable 1neans, such as nuts 16 are mounted on the link for varying the com- V extended from the shaft and by shifting pression of the springs. A hand lever 17 is this handlever the rod or link 13 will pull or push through one of the springs 15 upon or against yoke 8 so as to shift it inde endently of the action of the governor. T ese springs constitute :means lfor shifting this manual action so that the'parts of the governor will not be' subjected -to abrupt and injurious strains or pressures.

Different kinds of fuel injecting apparatus are adapted to be combined with the goverfj nor, controlled shaft and dampers or valves 'hereinbefore described.- For` example, and

as shown particularly in Figure -2 a shaft 18 driven by the engine may be provided with anf eccentric- 19 `for each of the cylinders of the engine. Mounted on each eccentric' is a strap 20 from which extends an arm 21 hav- .y

ing a piston-like tappet 22 p-ivotally mounted thereon and working within acylinderl 23. This cylinder is formed in or secured to a housing 24 which is xed'relative to the engine and has an extension 25. A pivot pin 26 is. supportedby the extension and rmounted thereon is an ear 27 extending from lib a frame 28 having an opening 29 therein.

Supported by the 'frame 2 8 is a pump cas- 'ing30 having-albore 31 extending thereinto from one end, this bore being provided at its other end with a port 32 in communication with a fuel outlet 33 and a fuel inlet 34.

The inlet 34 is in communication with a pipe or tube 35 leading from an auxiliary fuelreservoir 36 which can be supported by a bracket '37 from the frame 28. Anyl suitable means such as a check valve 39 is employed for preventing the flow of pressure from the bore 31'to the tube 35 and another "check valve 40 or the like is provided for preventing `the return offuel from theloutlet- 33 to the`bore31.V

An adjusting cap 41A is connected to one end portionf'of the casing 36 and slidable Within' this cap and Within the bore 31 is a plunger 42 havingan annular collar within the cap l41 as shown at 43. This collar constitutes an abutment for one end of a coiled Ispring 44 housed inthe cap 41 and bearing against the casing 30. The'outer end of the plunger 42 projects beyond the cap 41 and bears against the tappet 22. vSpring 44 serves to hold the plunger normallyin con- 'ing within said opening.

tact with the tappa bui-,the longitudinal movement of the plunger'under the action of the spring is limited bythe collar 43 com-- ing' against the cap 41. Obviously by adjusihg this cap the movement of the plunger 42 under the action of the spring can be controlled. y

The shaft 'extends through the opening 29 in the frame 28 and has a cam 45 Work r Thus it will be seen that when the shaft is rotated the cam 45 will operate to swing thel pump lcasing 30 and the Vpartsconnected thereto about the pivotal connection26 with the result that the plunger 42 will either be pressed more firmly against the tappet 22 due to the placing of the spring 44 under increased compression, or the compression of the spring will be reduced and the pressure of the plunger against the tappet lessened or said plunger bodily removed from the tappet.

During the operation of the engine it will be. understood lthat the tappet 22 is reciprocated continuously and with the parts set under normal running conditions this tappet will`push against plunger 42 to inject fuel into the engine and said plunger will be returned after each feeding stroke by the spring 44, this springholding the plunplunger 42 will `be caused to follow the tappet 22 farther downwardly into the cylinder 23 and, therefore, saidplunofer 42 will l be given a longer stroke during eazdh upward movement ofthe tappet and more vvfuel will the casing 30 to thev right in Figure 2 the.

be fed into the engine than would otherwise be supplied thereto; As the rotation of 'shaft 5 producing these adjustments of the' casing 30 also rotates 'the damper or valve 6 it will be obvious that the air supplied to the engine will be regulated at the same time as the 'regulation of the bfuel takes place, thus insuring a proper mixture.

For the purpose ofrelieving'the cam 45 of considerable ofthe weight of the pump casing 30, itis preferred to connect the casing 30 to some stationary part of the engine by means of a spring 45 or the like.

shown mounted in the partie ,ar way disclosedin Figures 1 and 2-it'is to be understood that other ways of mounting this casing can beused. For example, and as V \Although the pump casing 30 has beenshown in Figure 5,-the pump casing 46 can be mounted on a camv 47 carried by the governor lay shaft 5 and a guide and supporting pin 48 can be extended through a slot- 49 luv-the casing. Rotationof the cam 47 Another modification has been illustrated in Figure 6 wherein the pump casing 50 is provided with -a longitudinal guide 51 into which extends a guide vvroller 52. Ank ear 5,3 is extended from the pump' casing and has a cam 54 mounted for rotation therein,

this cam being lay shaft 5.

Under some conditions a vstructure such vas shown in 'Figure 7 `might be desirable. In this structure fthe pumpcasing 55 has a longitudinal groove into, which extends a guide'roller 56 or the like, the groove being indicated .at 57 A rack 58 is extended lonrotatable With the `governor gitudinally of the pump casing and is engaged by a segmentalgear 59. This vgear rotateswith the shaft 5 so that-during the actuation of said shaft the casing 55 will be (shifted longitudinally in one direction. orf the other relative to its guide roller 56.

In Figure 8 there has been shown a structure in which'the governor and the pum mechanism are more closely associated than in the other forms heretofore described. In

this figure the governor 60 has its shaft 61 extending through a supporting structure 62 and provided with the usual drive gears 63. Theustructure 62 has slots 64 in' which v Y a cross head 65 is slidablyv mounted, this Y raised position.

cross head being also slidable oli-the shaft 61 whichis rotatable therein. A spring 66 upwardly to hold it normally raised. Carried by the cross head are pump casings 67 each having a fuel inlet 68 and a fuel outlet 69. A plunger 70 is slidably mounted within each of thepump casings 67 and each plunger has a spring 71 for yieldingly supporting it normally in Bell cranks 72 are fulcrumed on the upper portion of the structpre 62 and one arm of each bell crank bears against one of the plungers While the other arm of each bell crank carries-an antifriction roller. v73. These rollers bear against diametrically opposed portions of a cam 74 mounted on androtating kwith the shaft 61.' Thus it will be seen that during thefrota-tion of lthe governor shaft 61 the 1 bell cranks 72 will be successively actuated aoy so as -to shift the plunger 70 and force fuel through the outlets 69 and to the engine cylinders.

. A yoke or frame 75 corresponding with \the one-heretofore shown at 8, is pivotally mounted as at 76 and is connected to'the With this modified .construction it will be apparent l that shouldthe speed o f the engine become excessive the governor through the frame or yoke 75,`link or rod 77 and lever 78 would rotate the cam 79 so as to shift the cross head 65 downwardly within the slot 64, thus moving -the the bell cranks 72 and reducing the scopes of the plungers 70. Should nit be desired to accelerate the supply of fuel to the engine the foregoing movement can be reversed manually by means of lever 78 or the governor 6() will do it automatically, cam 79 raising the ycross head 65 so as to shift the plungers 70 into closer engagement with the bell cranks 72, thereby increasing the strokes p ing of the cam 79 `and lever 78 constitutes a shaft, as indicated at 82, this shaft being rotatable with the cam and being connected to the air valve or damper illustrated at 6 in Figures 1 and '4.

A modification of the structure shown in Figure 8 has been-illustrated in Figure 9.

In this form of device the governor shaft-83 .has been shown provided with `a frustoconical cam 84 and; therefore, when the yshaft 88 is shifted longitudinally the frustoconical cam A84 will be moved therewith and will shift the bell-cranks 85 greater or lesser distances, .accordinglto the elevation of the cam relative to the structure 86, Thus a variation 'in the scope of the plungers 87 is obtained in addition to the variation due tov the shifting of the'cross head 88 on which the pump casings 89 are mounted. The cross head is adapted to .be shifted in the same manner as described in Figure 8. Q

Instead Iof having the pump casings in parallel relation they can be placed in alignmentv as shown at 90 in Figure l3,.the plungers 91 in this instance being in line with tappets 92 mounted in guides 93, these vtappets being disposed at opposite sides of a frusto-conical cam 94 rotatingwith the shaft 95 of the governor 96. In this arrangement the tappets as Well as the pump casings are snpportedby across head 97 shiftable along the shaft 95 by means of a cam@ 98 whichcan be operated by a hand lever 99 or by governor operated mechanism indicated igenerally at 100. Obviously by the up and down i movement of the cross'head 97 the tappets 92 What `is claimed is can be brought into operative relation With 1. In a feed control Vfor internal combusdifferent portions of the cam 94 which, by tion engines a tappet, engine driven. means.v

reason ofits tapered construction, Will shift forJ operating the tappet, a fuel 'pump inthe tappets distances varying according to cludmg a casing in communication yvlth the the location of the tappets on the cam. englne cylinder and a plunger having 11m- Instead ofutilizinga pump casing shiftited movement in the casing, said plunger able by means' of rotatable cams as in the being shiftable by the tappet, and means for structures heretofore described, the various bodily shifting the pump to move its plunge.v

pump casings, as indicated at 101 in Figure er Vinto or out of contact With the tappet for 10 and Figure'11 can be mounted on anslidvarying the stroke of the plunger by the f v able block 102 mounted in an inclined guidetappet. Y

Way 103. The guideway can be provided 2. Fuel feed controlling means for. in-

'Witlr inclined grooves 104C in which inclined ternal combustion enginesincluding an enribs 105 are adapted to slide,these ribs 'eX- gine drivenoperating element, a fuel ejecttending from the block 102. Thus when the ing ump including a casing and a plunger blockL is shifted longitudinallyvthe plungers having limited movement in the casing,

106 projecting from the casing 101 Will be means for holding the plunger normallyin -raised or lowered relative to tappet levers operative relation with the operating means,

107y pivotally mounted on av supporting and means for bodily shifting the pump to structure as shown at 108.- Each of these move theplunger into or out of contact with tappet levers has an anti-friction roller 109 thefoperatng means thereby to vary' the .bearing on a cam roller' 110.' .Thus when strokeof the plunger.

these cam rollers rotate `With the shaft 111 3. Fuel feed controlling means for inthe tappets Will be elevated thereby and Will ternal combustion engines including an eneome against the plungers 106- so a'sto shift gine driven Loperating element, a fuel ejectthem longitudinally, 'the amount of moveying pump including a casing .and aplunger ment depending upon the elevation of the having limited movement in .the casing,

blOCk 102. IIL hS-OIIII Of device the Sldoperative relation With the operating means,

' able block 102 can be shifted in one direc-y and governor .operating means forbodily tionl by a spring 112 andthe governor can be shifting the pump'relative to the operating caused to shift the block through 'a rod 113 means to move the'plunger into or out of connected to the governor in vany manner contact `With -said operating means thereby desledto vary the stroke. of the plunger under the- A further1 modrlicatlonhas been lllusactionv of the opera-ting means. trated 1n Figure 12 wherein a series of ta. '4. lFuel controlling means for^ internal pump casings v101 due to the position ofthe means for holding the plunger'normally in` l pered rotatable cams 114 is used, one cam combustion engines including an engine being provided for each tappet 115. These driven cam, a fuel ejecting pump including t'aPPtS las Well as the Pump @Sings 116 and a casing and a plunger having limited move-r 'their plungers 117 are adaptedto be shifted'v ment in the casing, meansl operated by the lJOClly by the gOVelIlOI 0I any Other* Suitable cam for actuating the plunger, and means means throughv a rod 118'. Obviouslyby for bodily, shifting the'pump to move the plungers by the cams and tappet's.

shiftingthis structure bodily the tappets can plunger into yor outv of contact with the be brought into contact with the operat- Operating means thereby to vary the Stroke` ing cams 114 at different points on-their -Of the' plunger. perlpheries, thus to varythe actuatiolof thel g combustion engines including an engine lt 1s to be understood of course tlat varions other forms 'of Aapparatus can` be used a, casing and a plunger having limited moveall of them havmg for their purpose the ment in the easing, means operated by the provision of means under the vcontrol of a @am for actuating the plunger, and means governor or manually operated means for for, bodily Shifting the pumpto move the shifting the pump casings relative to-their plungerjinto or out of contact, with' the lelltlllg 111611119 thereby 'G01N/'ary the amount operating means thereby to vary the stroke of fuel ejected bythe pump-into the engine of' the plunger,. said .means comprising a cylinders. By providing mechanism such as cam lin engagement With'the pump, and described for controlling the`v discharge, of', governor operated means forv setting up la fuel into the vcylinders there is no dangerv of* relative movement between "the pump and *delivering more than/'thenecessary amount thecam. v '6.' FuelF controlling means for. internal w of fuel. Furthermore -the supply of fuel can be abruptly stopped andfstarted simply combustion engines including an engine driven cam, a fuel ejecting pumpv including.

l5.5Fuel controlling means 'for'iiinternal byl shifting the pumpplungers abruptly out driven cam, a fuel ejecting pump including of or into operative' relation with their' a casing and aplunger having limited movetappets or other operating means. ment relative tothe casing, means' operated Wai/vovof Community Estate ofl operating meane lthereby to move the plung- .'Sz

' Uhaq'Zes W. Gardner, Deceased. i 20 er into or outof Contact with the tappet to y nesses: Yar'y the stnokeof thel plunger by the tappet. Witt IKE D. WHITE, 8. Fuel Controlling means"- lfor. internal 4ELLA V. y combustonengines including a pump cas- 

